Africa has some of the world's most valuable deposits of metals and minerals that are needed to drive the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) globally. Global rivals the US and China, as well as Middle Powers the UAE and Saudi Arabia, are scaling up engagement with African countries to secure access to these resources. What does this mean for African economies and mining sectors? Will there be another wave of resource nationalism? And will global supply chains facilitate this emerging trend?

Robert Besseling

CEO,

Pangea Risk